Project planning


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Project planning is part of project management, which relates to the use of schedules such as Gantt charts to plan and subsequently report progress within the project environment.[1]

Initially, the project scope is defined and the appropriate methods for completing the project are determined. Following this step, the durations for the various tasks necessary to complete the work are listed and grouped into a work breakdown structure. The logical dependencies between tasks are defined using an activity network diagram that enables identification of the critical path. Float or slack time in the schedule can be calculated using project management software[2]. Then the necessary resources can be estimated and costs for each activity can be allocated to each resource, giving the total project cost. At this stage, the project plan may be optimized to achieve the appropriate balance between resource usage and project duration to comply with the project objectives. Once established and agreed, the plan becomes what is known as the baseline. Progress will be measured against the baseline throughout the life of the project. Analyzing progress compared to the baseline is known as earned value management.[3]

The inputs of the project planning phase include Project Charter and the Concept Proposal. The outputs of the Project Planning phase include the Project Requirements, the Project Schedule, and the Project Management Plan.[4]

In some industries, particularly information technology, the term "project plan" can refer to a Gantt chart or other document that shows project activities along a timeline. While common, this use is inaccurate. These types of documents are more accurately described as "project schedules" and are only one component of a true project plan.

At a minimum, a project plan answers basic questions about the project:

• Why? - What is the problem or value proposition addressed by the project? Why is it being sponsored?

• What? - What is the work that will be performed on the project? What are the major products/deliverables?

• Who? - Who will be involved and what will be their responsibilities within the project? How will they be organized?

• When? - What is the project timeline and when will particularly meaningful points, referred to as milestones, be complete?

To be a complete project plan according to industry standards such as the PMBOK or PRINCE2, the project plan must also describe the execution, management and control of the project. This information can be provided by referencing other documents that will be produced, such as a Procurement Plan or Construction Plan, or it may be detailed in the project plan itself.

PREGUNTAS:

1.- ¿cuál cree usted que es el tópico que está a punto de leer?

Planificación, ya que se observan unas personas planificando algunas actividades.

2.- •¿Cuál es la idea general del texto?

Explicar que es el Project y describir las características principales de esta herramienta.

3.- •¿Que palabras se repiten?

Project, management, plan, planning,

4.-•¿Que palabras se parecen al español?

Plan, Project, costs, information, technology, responsibilities, dependencies.

5.-•¿Cuales son las palabras en negrita, el titulo, subtitulo o gráficos que te ayudan a entender el texto?

project management; estimated; costs; plan; information technology, Why?; What?; Who?; When?.

6.- •¿De qué trata el texto? Lee el primer párrafo y el último o la ultimas ideas del último párrafo.

Explica en qué consiste y expone ideas o interrogantes que usualmente se presentan sobre la planificación y su herramienta más usada Project, a demás de las ventajas de esta herramienta en la organización y describe algunas características sobre ella.